analogue gravity · july 2026

Dumb Holes

When a fluid flows faster than sound, phonons cannot swim upstream. That sonic surface is an acoustic event horizon — a laboratory window onto Hawking radiation.

Dumb holes (acoustic black holes) are laboratory systems in which sound waves play the role that light plays near a gravitational event horizon. When a fluid flows faster than the local speed of sound, phonons cannot propagate upstream past the sonic surface — an acoustic horizon. The same kinematic arguments that yield Hawking radiation for black holes then predict thermal phononic emission from that surface.

This site packages a source-grounded literature synthesis:

  • Paper — full manuscript with verified DOIs
  • Findings — figures and comparative timeline
  • Methods — how sources were selected and claims classified
  • Data — downloads (manuscript, citation ledger, figures)

Thesis in one sentence

Analogue gravity experiments have established that the kinematic core of the Hawking effect is robust and laboratory-accessible; they have not (and cannot by themselves) prove gravitational black-hole evaporation, but they make the underlying quantum-field-on-curved-background machinery far less speculative.

Explore

RouteWhat you get
/paper/Full academic manuscript
/findings/Horizon geometry + timeline figures
/methods/Literature protocol + unit contract
/data/Machine-readable sources + downloads

Headline map

Theory
1981
Unruh dumb-hole PRL
Classical HR
2011
Weinfurtner water flume
Quantum HR
2016–19
Steinhauer BEC + entanglement
Sources
15
verified DOI table
Plot of flow speed crossing sound speed at an acoustic horizon
Figure 1 — 1D dumb-hole flow: subsonic exterior, sonic horizon, supersonic interior.